Power Steering Rack Leak
Symptoms
Power steering fluid on the garage floor beneath the centre of the car. Heavy steering at low speeds. A groaning or whining noise from the power steering pump, particularly noticeable on cold startup or full-lock turns.
Cause
The rack seals harden and shrink with age, allowing fluid to bypass. Low fluid from the leak causes the pump to cavitate (the whining/groaning noise), which accelerates pump wear. The issue is compounded in cars that have sat for extended periods, as the seals dry out.
Fix
A remanufactured steering rack runs $500-1,000.
Fitting is 3-5 hours including alignment.
Alternatively, rebuild the existing rack with new seals ($200-400 for parts, plus specialist labour).
When replacing the rack, also replace all power steering hoses, the high-pressure line in particular develops cracks at the crimped fittings.
Top up with Dexron ATF (Toyota specification for the A80 power steering system).
Flush the entire system when replacing the rack.
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